Understanding the Neuroscience of Addiction/Addictive Behaviours

The brain's reward system, centred in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), is crucial in shaping our motivations, pleasures, and habits through dopamine release. This dopamine surge travels to the Nucleus Accumbens to reinforce pleasurable actions, while the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) governs decision-making and impulse control. Over time, repetitive behaviours—from beneficial habits to addictive patterns—become ingrained, significantly when dopamine levels spike artificially through drugs or alcohol, which can weaken natural rewards and impulse control. Understanding this cycle reveals how addiction takes root and highlights ways to retrain the brain toward healthier behaviours through targeted therapies and support systems.

On Narcissism…

People often hold firm perspectives regarding their interactions with individuals demonstrating Narcissistic traits or qualities. However, much of what we encounter in the media and on social platforms tends to portray only a narrow aspect or type of narcissism.

In this video, esteemed psychoanalytic practitioner, writer, and academic Dr. Nancy McWilliams provides an in-depth exploration of this personality structure, offering a more intricate and empathetic perspective.